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Key Points About
Probenecid:

Probenecid is prescribed
to prevent gout and gouty arthritis

Probencid should not be
prescribed during a gout attack

If used during a gout attack,
the attack could worsen

Patients with liver or kidney
disease, diabetes, HBP, or
other serious health conditions
should consider other
Gout treatment options

Probenecid can cause serious
side effects that should be
discussed with your doctor

Is Probenecid a Safe and Effective Gout Treatment?

Probenecid is the prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.

from MeSH
Source: MeSH
Record Name: Probenecid
URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/68011339

Probenecid is a benzoic acid derivative with antihyperuricemic property. Probenecid competitively inhibits the active reabsorption of urate at the proximal tubule in the kidney thereby increasing urinary excretion of uric acid and lowering serum urate concentrations. This prevents urate deposition and promotes resolution of existing urate deposits. In addition, probenecid modulates the transport of organic acids and acidic drugs at the proximal and distal renal tubule, thereby increasing the drug serum concentration.

Pharmacology from NCIt
Source: NCIt
Record Name: Probenecid
URL:https://ncit.nci.nih.gov/ncitbrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&ns=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C772
Description: NCI Thesaurus (NCIt) provides reference terminology for many systems. It covers vocabulary for clinical care, translational and basic research, and public information and administrative activities.

Probenecid is a uricosuric agent used for the treatment of gout usually in combination with other agents. Probenecid has been associated with minor serum aminotransferase elevations and very rarely with hypersensitivity reactions which, even more rarely, can be accompanied by acute liver injury.

LiverTox Summary from LiverTox
Source: LiverTox
Record Name: Probenecid
URL: https://livertox.nlm.nih.gov//Probenecid.htm

Your doctor is most likely to prescribe it if you have trouble excreting uric acid, as opposed to overproducing it. Some rheumatologists prefer probenecid to allopurinol because it has less dangerous side effects. However, it isn't recommended for people with kidney disease. Possible side effects include kidney stones, nausea, skin rash, stomach upset and headaches. Patients taking probenecid need to drink at least eight cups of water or other fluid a day to reduce their risk of kidney stones.

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